Minecraft Modding 101

Minecraft is the best-selling game of all time, but the vanilla experience is just the tip of the iceberg. Modding transforms Minecraft into an entirely different game. Whether you want to build a nuclear reactor, explore new dimensions, or turn the game into a terrifying survival horror, there is a mod for that.

Java Edition is King

First, ensure you are playing the Java Edition on PC. The Bedrock Edition (Windows 10/Console/Mobile) has a marketplace, but the true, free, community-driven modding scene lives on Java. You will need a launcher to manage your mods. "CurseForge" and "Prism Launcher" are the best options for beginners.

Loaders: Fabric vs. Forge

There are two main "mod loaders" that make mods work. Forge is the old guard, hosting massive, heavy modpacks with thousands of items. Fabric is newer, lightweight, and generally performs better, but has fewer "heavy" mods. You cannot mix them. Choose a modpack based on which loader it uses.

Optimization Mods are Essential

Before adding content, add performance. Minecraft Java is notoriously unoptimized. Mods like Sodium (rendering engine) and Lithium (game logic) can triple your framerate. Always install these first. If you want shaders (beautiful lighting), you will need Iris (for Fabric) or Oculus (for Forge).

Great Starter Modpacks

Don't try to install 100 individual mods manually; they will crash. Start with a curated modpack.
Better Minecraft: Enhances the vanilla game with more biomes, mobs, and dimensions without changing the core feel.
Sky Factory 4: You start on a single tree in a void and build a massive factory using automation.
RLCraft: If you hate yourself. A hardcore survival pack where everything kills you.